First Impressions Essay - 1434 Words

First impressions are very important to your every day life. They are the basis of how relationships start and how you are seen by other people. People, based on first impressions, form opinions. The opinions could begin many things and lead towards success or these opinions could be ones that are misleading and have a negative impact on how people relate to you. First impression are very important on people’s social life, in your education and in employment. In your social life, first impressions come from your friends, family, and even new people who come into your life. First impressions for your education consists of your teachers or classmates when you are taking a class. First impressions on employment go from your current†¦show more content†¦It’s all a matter of fitting in so to speak, because we as humans are social creatures. Your environment that you are in will usually have a correlation to the types of people that you will find in that environment. The types of first impression that you make will be carried throughout the course of the relationship with the people that you make them with. That is where the importance of the first impression lies if you are to have a successful relationship with people making a first impression is essential to the development of the relationship. It takes extraordinary skills to overcome a bad first impression. You’ve heard the phrase quot;You only have one chance to make a first impression.quot; This is especially true when you’re interviewing for a job. From the moment you arrive, you are creating a lasting impression in the employer’s mind. There are a number of things that an interviewer notices in the first ten seconds of your meeting, and those ten seconds can have a critical impact on whether you get a job offer or not. An employer begins sizing up your potential the instant you walk in the room. If you make a bad impression initially, he/she may rule you out immediately and not pay close attention to your performance during the rest of the interview. There are many things that come into play that an interviewer looks for during that initial meeting with anShow MoreRelatedEssay First Impressions1179 Words   |  5 PagesIn every first encounter with another person, we make judgments about them almost immediately based on a few simple factors. In the first few s econds upon meeting a new acquaintance we will take in and subconsciously process their age, choice in style of clothes, hair, their posture and the way that they carry themselves. In that short time we will form subconscious opinions about them based on our own personal prejudices and bias. After the first initial visual judgment we generally move intoRead MoreFirst Impressions Essay3194 Words   |  13 Pagessuggests that first impressions are created within the first few minutes of meeting someone. Discuss the factors that affect our perception of people and some of the elements that impact our accuracy or otherwise of first impressions, e.g. in an interview situation, first date, etc. People take initial information about appearance, body language, what you say and more importantly how you say it and then form a judgment very quickly as to what type of person you are. First impressions are mainlyRead MoreThe Lasting Effects of First Impressions Essay587 Words   |  3 PagesA first impression is a lasting impression. When judging someone based on their looks or first impression, many times personality can change someone’s opinion. People judge automatically, within the first three seconds of a new encounter, even if it is just a glance. People review your visual and behavioral appearance from head to toe. They observe your demeanor, appearance, body language and even assess your grooming and accessories—purse, watch, clothing. Once the first impression is made itRead MoreAre First Impressions Misleading Impressions?1128 Words   |  4 PagesFirst impressions: Misleading impressions? First impressions can be surprisingly sticky in the observers mind. When reading the stories about John, it is perfectly plausible that some days John could be very gregarious, while on another day, feeling tired and less confident, he could be more introverted. The character attributes that are observed to draw the conclusion that John is an introvert or an extrovert are relatively superficial and arbitrary. In one scenario John talks to a girl heRead MoreFirst Impressions1450 Words   |  6 PagesFirst impressions are very important to your every day life. They are the basis of how relationships start and how you are seen by other people. People, based on first impressions, form opinions. The opinions could begin many things and lead towards success or these opinions could be ones that are misleading and have a negative impact on how people relate to you. First impression are very important on peoples social life, in your education and in employment. In your social life, fir st impressionsRead MoreFirst Impressions Are Not Last Impressions1608 Words   |  7 PagesFirst Impressions are Not Lasting Impressions When you see a person in a wheelchair, a person with no legs, or a person with physical abnormalities what is you reaction? Do you stare with curiosity? Do you pretend to be indifferent and walk by like there is no person there at all? Are you disgusted or stricken with pity? Or do you see them as a person, just like you, living their life the best they know how? Our perception of people are largely based on their physical appearance and often theRead MoreFirst Impressions Essay967 Words   |  4 PagesFirst impressions are always used in setting the tone when you first meet someone. Without the luxury of knowing the persons background, you initially judge someone by the way that person introduces themselves and how they come across to you. By coming across, I mean the way a person carries themselves. For example, if the person comes across as shy and introverted, you tend to think of that person as timid and somewhat weak. However, if that same person comes across as outgo ing, confident (butRead MoreImpact of a first impression816 Words   |  4 PagesImpact of a First Impression It has commonly been stated that one is never given second chance to make a great first impression. Everyday we have numerous interactions, where opportunities come and go in an instant, like sliding doors opening and closing. Ideally, we want to seize these moments in a favorable way. It is of great importance to understand how our human behaviors effect the first impressions we give others. Importance of First Impressions By definition an impression is, â€Å"a characteristicRead MoreFirst Impressions Essay994 Words   |  4 PagesFirst impressions are what set the tone in any situation, personal or professional, and ultimately determine how we proceed behaviorally in that situation. Within a matter of seconds, a person will make their assessment of another person or a situation – an assessment that will carry through the remainder of the relationship. And while what we say may have an impact on how another person perceives us, studies have shown that much of our first impressions are based on body language. Body LanguageRead MoreThe Wave Of An Ocean Wave2283 Words   |  10 Pagesindividual will realize and form his/her own opinions, and thus come crashing down to reality. In order for an individual to recognize the truth, they have to be able to notice and see a change between the other person. When faced with an awkward first impression, a positive perspective of another person can be hard to obtain. Through the loving actions of others, people can experience a positive change of heart. Two novels that demonstrate these different characteristics are Pride and Prejudice and Beauty:

Lack of Sleep Essay - 950 Words

Talking with different people one notices that a lot of them consider they can accomplish more if they could waste less time sleeping. However, they don’t realize they are only hurting their productivity when they lose sleep. I’ve read two articles that deal with the issue of sleep deprivation. The College Student Journal published an article about the grade-point average of college students and sleep length, while U.S. News World Report produced an article dealing with the lack of sleep in America and its effects on performance. The articles show different results from different types of data with different degrees of veracity. In spite of their differences, both articles indicate that lack of sleep is a cause for diminished†¦show more content†¦In the beginning the volunteers spent almost eleven hours sleeping trying to catch up on their accumulated sleep debt, an average of seventeen hours per person. By the end of the experiment the volunteers were averaging an ideal level of eight hours and fifteen minutes of sleep. Another study, conducted by Eva Van Cauter, a sleep researcher at the University of Chicago, published a report in which healthy young people spent three weeks in a sleep lab. The first week they were in bed eight hours, the second week four hours, and the third week twelve hours. During the sleep-deprived second week the patients showed signs of a pre-diabetic state caused by the impaired tolerance of glucose. Also, sleep-deprivation can develop hormonal changes that make young people look much older than they actually are. Older people have lower levels of cortisol as do sleep-deprived young people. Cortisol normally drops to a low level in the evening to help the body prepare for sleeping. The levels gradually rise overnight while peaking just before morning. The rise in the hormone energizes the body for the following day. (Brink 62-72). Another area of comparison is the method of gathering data for each article. The article on college age students based its conclusion on the results of a voluntary survey where as U.S. News based its article on scientific facts and test samples. The voluntary participation of the CollegeShow MoreRelatedThe Lack Of Sleep1049 Words   |  5 Pagesour home. I look to my bedside. 6:02 AM is the time brightly displayed in white analog letters along with some information about weather and the current date. I rub my sore eyes, trying to wipe away the sleeplessness of the night before and the lack of sleep that has resulted. I hop out of bed and step into the cold shower, careful to avoid the short wall separating water from tile. A hot, steamy shower does little to wash away my drowsiness from the insufficiency of rest. I struggle to part from theRead MoreLack Of Sleep And Sleep Deprivation865 Words   |  4 PagesSleep is an essential, fundamental process that has been programmed in alm ost all life forms since the early development of birth. The importance and benefits of sleep lies paramount in comparison to other functions we do as humans including eating! Some scientist even say that you will die from sleep deprivation before you will die from food deprivation because when a person sleep your body is still very much awake and undergoes numerous functions. When health functions like memory consolidationRead MoreLack And Lack Of Insufficient Sleep2103 Words   |  9 PagesBackground Insufficient sleep is a significant public health problem that is on the rise (1). Although estimates vary widely, results from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System found that 35.3% of U.S. adults report regularly experiencing insufficient sleep, which was defined as less than 7 hours of sleep per 24-hour period (2). The prevalence of insufficient sleep varies across life stages and is particularly prevalent among middle-aged adults (2). Insufficient sleep is associated with variousRead MoreLack Of Lack Sleep Deprivation767 Words   |  4 PagesWhat exactly is sleep? Sleep not only allows the human body to rest and reset after a long day but it also plays a critical role in immune function, metabolism, memory, learning and our vital body functions (Harvard Medical School, n.d.). When the human body becomes warn down and unable to properly regenerate and rest, it becomes more and more susceptible to disease, infection and health complications. In the American culture societ y burns the candle at both ends which often spirals into a wholeRead MoreThe Effects of a Lack of Sleep734 Words   |  3 PagesInsomnia; is also known as a deficiency of sleep or sleep deprivation. People with this condition are apt to suffer from inadequate sleep and more likely to battle depression, have poor concentration, and be involved in an auto accident; from a lack of focus. These issues followed by prolonged periods of time; can cause a person some sort of health issues, whether mental or physical.(Harvard Medical School) Sleep deprivation alters the production and action of some hormones, dampening the secretionRead MoreThe Lack Of Quality Of Sleep1492 Words   |  6 Pagesone’s overall quality of sleep. Those suffering from poor quality of sleep experience disorders such as sleep apnea, narcolepsy, Klein-Levin syndrome, and other chronic abnormal sleep patterns. The lack of quality of sleep tends to be most prevalent among adolescents and young adults. Some research links the relationship to certain intake of nutrients or to the implementation of specific diets. Others relate the issue to lack of exercise. A person’s quality of sleep contributes much to theirRead MoreSleep Deprived Athletes : The Lack Of Sleep Essay1298 Words   |  6 PagesSleep Deprived Athletes Do you feel sluggish while playing your favorite sport? The lack of sleep can negatively impact an athlete’s performance. Athletes that are fatigued can experience negative; mental, emotional and physical conditions. These negative conditions become noticeable on the field, either during a game or throughout practice. They can impact the team in a way that wouldn’t benefit the other players. This could be a crucial way to determine if the team will win or lose that particularRead MoreEssay On Lack Of Sleep850 Words   |  4 PagesResearchers from the showed that chronic lack of sleep may increase the Alzheimer’s protein in the brain. The sleeplessness also quickens the growth of the beta-amyloid protein, outdoing the brain’s waste disposal system. High concentration of the protein can lead to brain changes, such as dementia. Beta-amyloid comes from a larger protein in the fatty membrane around nerve cells. It is crucially involved in the development of Alzheimer’s disease. Its normal function to the brain is not clearlyRead MoreThe Dangers Of Lack Of Sleep Deprivation913 Words   |  4 PagesDangers of Lack of Sleep in Highschoolers Sleep deprivation in high school students is creating a long list of problems in their health and academic areas. Sleep deprivation has been linked to many different health effects, and a major cause of sleep deprivation in high schooler s is the start time of their first morning class. Many different studies have been conducted concerning start times in schools and the current time that schools begin classes, is wreaking havoc on student health. Sleep has beenRead MoreThe Effects of a Lack of Sleep Essay1334 Words   |  6 PagesEffects of a lack of sleep, known as insomnia, is the most common classification of sleep disorders. It was estimated that thirty to forty million Americans have difficulty staying asleep, falling asleep or waking earlier than they would like to, and cannot get back to sleep. Most people settle that this is just a part of life, and the poor quality of sleep proceeds to eat away at the quality of life that could be attained. This seems to be a silent menace that people do not seem to take seriously

Marketing Topics free essay sample

Short essays discussing: test marketing, the four Ps, product life cycle, and marketing communication mix. Any form of test marketing has its drawbacks. Marketers of food products often use taste testing as a way of predicting consumer behavior with reference to the new product, and this approach has its dangers as well. People select foods based on personal preferences, and when we are talking about foodstuffs, we are really talking about personal preferences over group preferences. That is, each person has his or her own particular likes and dislikes, and some products will appeal to them and some will not. There is not always a clear population dedicated to a certain taste as there might be for other products. To be effective in predicting consumer behavior, a taste test must have a very large base population taking the test to give a good idea of the percentage of the consumer population that will be interested in the product. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Topics or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Sugar Is A Concern For Most People When It Comes free essay sample

Good examples of this are ketchup, a single one-cup serving of ketchup contains 40 grams of sugar in it. Also baked been contain 15 games of sugar for every one- cup of sugar. Even a thing like reduced ranch dressing contains 58 grams of sugar per one-cup serving. Some people would read those stats and have a heart attack, but if you have every questioned all the bad publicity gets from todays society and done a little digging and come up with research of their win they would see that sugar is not such a horrible thing.Through cellular respiration cells turn sugars into sucrose which is a storage protein from the cell that takes all the energy from the sugar molecule and holds it until the cell needs it too do some sort of work and its particular job. (Clarke, 2014) Just like everything things are good in moderation, too much sugar can lead to increased body weight clogged arties and a higher risk of diabetes just to name a few. We will write a custom essay sample on Sugar Is A Concern For Most People When It Comes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Overall too much sugar in a diet leads to an unhealthy body.However a good balance is key with almost everything and the same can be said about sugar intake. A lack if sugar intake can leave your body feeling depleted and weak as it is a vital energy source for your cells which must strain much more without this big contributions in most diets. (Helmsmen, 2014) In the experiment a hydrometer is used to determine the amount of sugar in each chosen substance. You would put one of the chosen substances in a graduated cylinder, which you would then put the hydrometer in.

Who is to blame in The rucible Essay Example For Students

Who is to blame in The ?rucible? Essay The Crucible was first produced in 1953 in 1952 in the middle of the McCarthy political witch hunts. Miller was trying to convey the parallel between the witch-hunts in Salem and the witch hunts for communists. The hysteria in Salem can be blamed on the individuals or the whole society. Although many individuals contributed to the hysteria the social conditions the characters, the young girls in particular, had to endure is also to blame. There are a number of characters to which some degree of blame could be attributed. One of these characters is Abigail. Abigail is the character who really gets the whole thing started; Uncle, we did dance We will write a custom essay on Who is to blame in The ?rucible? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now She first openly admits to dancing in the woods and when the pressure is put on her she says that it was to blame on witchcraft. She uses the situation to her advantage and manages to get back at Goody Proctor who has blackened her name in the village. Although she is very manipulative in some ways she is a victim. She is treated as a child even though she is no longer innocent and virginal; Sweated like a stallion Abigail is very forward and speaks and acts like she is much older than she is. She is a young adult but nobody will treat her like one. Abigail had a relationship with Proctor, but still he calls her a child. Abigail seems to want to break free of the stereotype and this is what leads to hysteria. Abigail did not plan for the situation to get out of hand or lead to the death of innocent people, but she could not really stop it once the ball had started rolling. The accusations led to the hysteria to spiral out of control as more and more people were blamed. Society really is to blame though when it comes to Abigail as society put great pressure on her, which led her to try and break free of her stereotype. Another character that contributes to the hysteria is Parris. The way Parris approached his ministry led to problems. His selfish attitude contributes to the reaction of the girls. The way he runs the church leads to resentment and bad blood in the village. He should be preaching about God but instead he preaches about money. He is always thinking about himself too much and does not consider others; I cannot offer one proposition, but there be a howling riot of argument He may have been able to solve the problems but he couldnt be bothered with the hassle of it and would rather deal with his own problems. He is selfish and only really thinks about money. He thinks he deserves luxuries because he is a minister; Dont a minister deserve a house to live in His selfish attitude contributed to the hysteria in Salem. In some ways it is society to blame  for creating the conditions in which man like Parris, who is quite obviously not a very holy man, can lord it over others simply because he has the title of priest. John Proctor also contributes to the hysteria in Salem. His inability to control his lust contributes to events. His lust for Abigail led Abigail to believe that there could be a proper relationship between them; Ill not be comin for you no more He does try to make it clear to Abigail but he has already led her on too much. When Proctor calls her child it makes Abigail want to prove herself to him and she shows him how powerful she can really be. .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a , .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a .postImageUrl , .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a , .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a:hover , .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a:visited , .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a:active { border:0!important; } .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a:active , .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u71c581b5ce82a033e630a0f4bd5e2c4a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Social and Historical Background to 'Great Expectations' EssayIt seems as though if he had come forward earlier then he could have stopped what was happening. He would not admit to adultery because he did not want his name blackened in the village. Society is really to blame because it condemned sexual impropriety and it made him feel that he could not confess because it is a sin. Putnam is another one of the characters that contributes to the hysteria. He is the prime example of the land owning citizen. He seems to be motivated to make the problem worse. He is very selfish about his land and possessions; You load one oak of mine and youll fight to drag it home He is always fighting and bickering with other people about what belongs to him. As a prominent citizen he could have stopped the hysteria rather than fuelling it. He, instead of dealing with the problems he would rather try and gain more land by getting his daughter to cry rape. Society really is to blame for creating a man like Putnam who is given power through possession of money and use that power for greed. In fact Proctor indicates how the village seems based on money not equality. There is also a collective blame. All the characters build up to create a society, which is prone to this type of situation. The land disputes add to the problems. No single character tries to whole heartedly to solve the crisis because of fear of damaging their own reputation. The way women and children are treated also contributes to the problem. Many of the young women are treated like children and want to demolish the stereotype. There are certain attitudes towards pleasure which means that many of the girls would have had a starved imagination and social life which would have made the witch hunts seem exciting and appealing. The girls were rarely made centre of attention so this sudden interest shown towards them would have also been appealing. It would have seemed ridiculous to them to remove themselves for the spotlight, which they rarely have upon them. Overall it was the whole of society to blame rather than the individual characters. As the village was in the middle of  nowhere there was no escape. This made the situation more intense because everyone was trapped. These external influences slightly contribute to the atmosphere. There are many parallels between the society in Salem and the communist witch hunts. Both conditions are similar; in both cases people are being persecuted without a proper trial or any evidence. Both societies have resentments and jealousies. Miller uses the book to create an absurd situation to mock the McCarthy witch-hunts. It is the individual characters that contribute to the chaos. All of the characters build up to create a society prone to this type of situation.

Living Resources of the Ocean

Living Resources of the Ocean Introduction The ocean is among the most important natural resources bestowed upon mankind. It has extensive benefits to human life and it provides a wonderful ecosystem in which other organisms live. The following are some examples of the benefits that the ocean has on human life (2). The ocean is extensively used for transportation of bulky goods over long distances. It is also a very valuable source of a number of minerals and crude oil. Most of these minerals are found in deep sea.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Living Resources of the Ocean specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Examples of these oceanic minerals include cobalt, salt, iron, copper, manganese etc. The ocean is also a valuable recreation site for human beings. It provides a serene environment that acts as an attraction to people on holidays seeking relaxation. The ocean is also a source of organisms with useful medical value. It also regulates the leve l of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere by taking atmospheric carbon dioxide and giving out oxygen. This is a very important input in the efforts towards reduction of the levels of global warming. Lastly, the ocean is a very important source of biodiversity (1). It provides organisms that have great value to human life. The most commendable among the benefits of marine life to human life are the fact that marine life can act as food and the fact that some oceanic organisms have medicinal value. Living resources of the ocean The marine habitat harbors a large percentage of the earth’s cumulative population of plants and animals. Over one million animal species and plant species have already been discovered and scientists have estimated that an extra nine million species are still living in the marine biome without human discovery. Garrison, Tom. Essentials of Oceanography. Wadsworth Publishing. Resenick, John. Marine Biology. Reston Publishing Company This means that, of all p lant and animal population living in the ocean we only know 10%. Thus if the scientists are right, there is a lot of plant and animal species in the oceans that could have more value than just medicines and food. Let us explore the marine animals that have already been discovered.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Fish The ocean has been the leading source of fish for ages. Humans have used the ocean for a very long time as their source of fish for food. The fact that the ocean is full of a myriad species of fish is thus obvious. Specific examples of marine fish and their adaptations include the black swallower which is able to triple the size of its stomach in order to prey on other fish that are bigger that it is. Another example is the tripod fish which derives its name from its exceptionally long caudal and pelvic fins. Fish also have other adaptations for mari ne life. Virtually all fish have streamlined bodies for ease of locomotion (1). All fish have their blood pumped from the heart to the gills from where it is supplied to other body parts. Thus fish are, in this way adapted to survive in deep water by taking in oxygen from the water through their gills. Fish have also been able to survive in oceans due to the constant availability of their chief food: the planktons. These are small fish that are preyed upon by virtually every marine organism. Thus marine fish can never be starved. A discussion about the types of marine fish would be incomplete without the mention of sharks. Sharks are widely known for their huge bodies. They feed on other animals and thus they are carnivores. Their common diets include lobsters, crabs, bony fishes, worms and mollusks. The choice of what to eat is normally determined by the availability of the latter. Thus pelagic sharks normally feed on squid. Sharks will therefore eat dead fish at the ocean floor. G arrison, Tom. Essentials of Oceanography. Wadsworth Publishing. Tiger sharks are believed to be able to eat anything. Most sharks spend almost all their time swimming in order to allow respiration to freely take place. However, other sharks are normally found in ocean floors where they carry out their respiration normally (1). Marine Mammals Marine life is also composed of a number of mammals. Just like other marine life forms, mammals are adapted to cope with the harsh living conditions that are characteristic of marine life. For example, they normally have a thick layer of fat under their skins to help them insulate their bodies from excessive heat loss. This is because some regions of the experience extremely cold temperatures.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Living Resources of the Ocean specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Contrarily, sea otters, an example of ocean mammals, have dense fur instead of blubber that s erves the purpose of insulating them from the extremely cold temperatures of the ocean. These adaptations against heat loss are necessitated by the fact that marine mammals are similar to terrestrial mammals in terms of their warm bloodedness. They are thus forced to develop these adaptations in a bid to keep their temperatures above ocean temperatures. Other examples of marine mammals include seals, whales, sea cows, dugongs and manatees. Other adaptations of mammals to heat insulation include a large internal volume and reduced surface area. Their blood is also controlled to ensure that only a negligible amount comes close to cold water. They also have other adaptations to marine life apart from heat insulation mechanisms. Such adaptations include ability to expel air from lungs as they dive deep in the ocean (Garrison 1). This enables them to avoid excess intake of nitrogen. Garrison, Tom. Essentials of Oceanography. Wadsworth Publishing. They also have slower heartbeats, high am ount of hemoglobin in blood and strategic blood flow. Both fish and marine mammals have streamlined bodies but while marine mammals are capable of swimming both horizontally and vertically, most fish are only able to swim horizontally. This is due to difference in the adaptation of their tails. Mammals are horizontal while those of a majority of fish have horizontal orientation. Fish and most mammals have streamlined bodies which enhances their mobility in water. The few mammals which do not have streamlined bodies have other special adaptations that enable them to survive in the ocean. These special adaptations include camouflage or body armors that protect them from sea carnivores (1).Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Benthic life forms Benthic is a term used to describe the area of the ocean that lies below the pelagic zone. It is not the last zone in terms of depth but in spite of this fact, it is normally referred to as the sea bed. The deepest zone of the ocean is known as the abyssal zone. The benthic zone is characterized by extremely cold water since sunlight does not penetrate such depths. Organisms that live in the benthic zone are mainly fungi, bacteria, fish, worms and sponges. These benthic forms survive in the harsh conditions of this zone because they normally have adaptations for resisting cold temperatures and also because the benthic zone is rich in nutrients. Also evident among benthic life forms are sea stars which are normally carnivorous (1). Other marine life forms Other marine life forms include animals that have impenetrable shells that protect them from being preyed by other animals in the ocean. Garrison, Tom. Essentials of Oceanography. Wadsworth Publishing. An example of such animals is the chitons which live exclusively in the ocean. The feature that distinctively identifies them is the overlapping plates at the back of the animal . The plates are eight in number and they enhance the physical morphology of the animal for protection. Such organisms normally have underdeveloped organs for compatibility of their bodies with their shells (4). Their adaptations to marine life have made them thrive in this carnivorous environment for many years. This is in spite of the fact that they are preyed by sharks. Preservation of marine biome A lot needs to be done to reduce the rate of extinction of marine life. Human activities like fishing, industrialization (pollution), reconstruction, experimentation, transportation etc. have had a persistent negative effect on marine life. A considerably large number of fish die every year due to the pollution caused by the disposal of industrial effluents in to the ocean. In other areas people have overfished the oceans , catching juvenile fish and thus limiting the growth of fish population. Fishermen have also continually used wrong fishing methods that continue to be a threat to the growth of biodiversity (3). For example, some fishermen may utilize fishing methods which make them catch unwanted species of fish and thus contributing to the inability of certain species of fish to multiply. It is our responsibility to strive to conserve marine life. For instance, when planning reconstruction of intertidal oceanic zones, we should first of all analyze the effect that our projects are likely to have on marine life and carry out the necessary steps to reduce them. Berta, Annalisa. Marine Mammals. McMillan Publishing. Littler, Mark and Littler, Diane. â€Å"The Evolution of Thallus Form and Survival Strategies in Benthic Marine Microalgae For instance, before reconstruction, artificial waters could be made in the ocean shores to preserve corals and fish so that they can be protected from the effect s of the reconstruction process. Organizations should ensure that they practice Corporate Social Responsibility by contributing philanthropically to projects involving conservation of marine habitat. Governments should also ensure that regulations are laid down that support the fight against extinction of marine life forms (1). They should thus discourage industrial pollution by all means and ensure that other factors that negatively affect marine life are controlled. Conclusion Marine life was once thought to be so dynamic that it was under no threat of extinction. Contemporary research has shown that marine population is drastically reducing due to uncontrolled exploitation (1). The worrying bit is that the recovery rate of marine life after exploitation is very slow as compared to the growth rates before exploitation. Marine mammals are particularly endangered. This is because they must surface in order to breathe before going back underwater. This makes them easy targets for hum an capturing. With these worrying trends in the population of marine life, we are obliged to take preventive measures to ensure that our negative effects on marine life are minimized. We owe our future generations the responsibility of preserving biodiversity for them and thus we should do our best in ensuring that the best measures towards preserving biodiversity are implemented. Garrison, Tom. Essentials of Oceanography. Wadsworth Publishing. Berta, Annalisa. Marine Mammals. U.K. McMillan Publishing. Garrison, Tom. Essentials of Oceanography. U.S. Wadsworth Publishing. Littler, Mark and Littler, Diane. â€Å"The Evolution of Thallus Form and Survival Strategies in Benthic Marine Microalgae.† 1979. Web. Resenick, John. Marine Biology. Virginia. Reston Publishing Company. 1989. Print.

What evidence that marilyn monroe did not kill herself Research Paper

What evidence that marilyn monroe did not kill herself - Research Paper Example In this paper, I would look into every aspect and clue which could take us to a point, whether Marilyn died accidently, was it an intentional suicide attempt? Or was it a planned plot against her? Marilyn’s death is an unsolved mystery and it is still the most debatable conspiracy theory. She died on August 5th, 1962 at the age of 36 and was found dead in her bedroom by her psychoanalyst consultant doctor, Ralph. S. Greenson who was being called by her caretaker Eunice Murray. She got married thrice in her life but wasn’t able to keep her relations for long. She first got married to James Dougherty in 1942 which lasted for four years only; second marriage with Joe DiMaggio, the famous football player lasted for nine months and her third marriage with a play writer Arthur Miller ended up in five years. There are several reasons for which this death is still not digestible for many people. Marilyn was addicted to sleeping pills and was mentally disturbed and therefore she had two consultant doctors, Doctor Ralph Greenson and Doctor Hyman Engelberg. Her death report showed that she died of acute barbiturate poisoning which was either taken purposely for a suicide attempt or was intentionally given to murder her for a reason. However no murder charges were made. Dr. Thomas Noguchi look at this death as an uncertain suicide because as a pathologist, he did not find any residue in Marilyn stomach if such high dose would have been taken orally, there had to be a residue in her stomach or any evidence in blood. Moreover her toxicology report showed that her organs were completely damaged and there was a presence of Nembutal and chloral hydrate in extreme level which could kill ten people. There were no signs of intravenous injections however suppository could have been used to transfer t his amount in her body (Morgolis,

Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 9

Analysis - Essay Example (b). Swift vents his growing exacerbation at the despotism of the English class, insincerity of the affluent, ineptitude of Ireland’s leaders and the dilapidation and shabbiness in which many people were living in. (c). Axiomatically, Swift uses satire not to promote cannibalism or infanticide, but to create a well-informing masterpiece that fosters self-determination and the sense of national pride among the Irish. (d). Individuals, legislators and Englishmen were at fault for the ghastly state of the people. â€Å"When poor infants pass the hazardous years of childhood, they consequently leave their dear native country for the fight for the pretender in Spain† (Atwan et al. 867). (f). Another arrogance revealed to the audience is the confrontations that Ireland had with England. During the 17th century, the Ireland neighboring nation England had a whole span of control over its operation. â€Å"let no one talk to me of other expedients†¦ at 5s. a pound†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Atwan et al.

Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation (SBAR) Coursework

Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation (SBAR) - Coursework Example This paper illustrates that P.J is a young man living with his father in the countryside. His two brothers are living and working in New York. According to P.J, his living situation has not been very pleasant as stated in the â€Å"Health History and Screening†. He lacks company while at home and his father is alcoholic. His mother died when he was only 13 years of age. Two years later after this death, his younger sister passed away. All the above-stated health problems in the â€Å"situation† section have different genesis in origin and time. The problem of duodenal ulcers began in the year 2007 when the client was still in high school. The stomach problem started as a mild upset that later turned into the ulcer. He was put on medication for close to two weeks. The situation slightly improved but he still occasionally feels the ulcers to date. Food intolerance and allergy began in at the early stages of his childhood. The client cannot even remember when and how this problem started. He cannot comfortably eat red meat and milk since they give him severe stomach ache and nausea. When he was diagnosed with ulcers, he became intolerant to more foods such as beans, tea, oily food, green vegetables, sugary foods, spices and others that he could not recall. However, he has learned to assimilate some of these foods with time but the childhood food intolerance not gone away. Besides, he has not made any attempt to find the cure for the intolerance. He believes the intolerance helps him cut the cost of living by eating only a few simple meals. The problem of depression began when P.J was still in high school. As a child, he never knew what stress was, even though he grew up in a family of a humble background. His mother had just died when he was taken to a boarding school far away from home. It was while in school that he started to experience frequent stress and anxiety that led to a long-term depression. The urinary system problem, though not very seve re, started at the age of about 8 years. He could feel a burning sensation while urinating with a thin stream. However, this condition was not frequently felt.

Fuzzy Logic Control Implementation On Pic Microcontroller

Fuzzy Logic Control Implementation On Pic Microcontroller Conventional PID controllers were used as a control strategy for various industrial processes from many years due to their simplicity in operation. They used mathematical models to control the plant for different process control applications. Fuzzy logic based control systems were introduced by Lotfi Zadeh to optimize the process control parameters in better way. In this paper, we have implemented a DC motor control strategy with the help of PID controller.Then we will optimize it with the help of fuzzy logic controller. The fuzzy logic control strategy shows the improvement in various control parameters like maximum overshoot, settling time for the DC motor control as compared with PID control strategy. This shows the superiority of fuzzy logic controller over proportional integral derivative controller. I. INTRODUCTION PID (proportional integral derivative) control is one of the earlier control strategies. Its early implementation was in pneumatic devices, followed by vacuum and solid state analog electronics, before arriving at todays digital implementation of microprocessors. It has a simple control structure which was understood by plant operators and which they found relatively easy to tune. Since many control systems using PID control have proved satisfactory, it still has a wide range of applications in industrial control. PID control has been an active research topic for many years. Since many process plants controlled by PID controllers have similar dynamics it has been found possible to set satisfactory controller parameters from less plant information than a complete mathematical model. Fuzzy logic is a method of rule-based decision making used for expert systems and process control that emulates the rule-of-thumb thought process used by human beings. Due to these properties, fuzzy logic can be used to control a process that a human can control manually with expertise gained from experience. The linguistic control rules that a human expert can describe in an intuitive and general manner can be directly translated to a rule base for a fuzzy logic controller. In this paper DC motor is first tuned using fuzzy logic controller and then we will be using fuzzy logic controller to improve the various process parameters follow. II. PROPORTIONAL INTEGRAL DERIVATIVE CONTROLLER The PID controller is the most common form of feedback. It was an essential element of early governors and it became the standard tool when process control emerged in the 1940s. In process control, more than 95% of the control loops are of PID type, most loops are actually PI control. PID controllers are today found in all areas where control is used. The controllers come in many different forms. There are standalone systems in boxes for one or a few loops, which are manufactured by the hundred thousands yearly. PID control is an important ingredient of a distributed control system. The controllers are also embedded in many special purpose control systems. PID control is often combined with logic, sequential functions, selectors, and simple function blocks to build the complicated automation systems used for energy production, transportation, and manufacturing. Many sophisticated control strategies, such as model predictive control, are also organized hierarchically. PID control is u sed at the lowest level; the multivariable controller gives the setpoints to the controllers at the lower level. It is an important component in every control engineers tool box. PID controllers have survived many changes in technology, from mechanics and pneumatics to microprocessors via electronic tubes, transistors, integrated circuits. The microprocessor has had a dramatic influence on the PID controller. Practically all PID controllers made today are based on microprocessors. This has given opportunities to provide additional features like automatic tuning, gain scheduling, and continuous adaptation. Controllers are designed to eliminate the need for continuous operator attention. Cruise control in a car and a house thermostat are common examples of how controllers are used to automatically adjust some variable to hold the measurement (or process variable) at the set-point. The set-point is where you would like the measurement to be. Error is defined as the difference between set-point and measurement. error = set-point measurement The variable being adjusted is called the manipulated variable which usually is equal to the output of the controller. The output of PID controllers will change in response to a change in measurement or set-point. Manufacturers of PID controllers use different names to identify the three modes. These equations show the relationships: P (Proportional) = 100/gain I (Integral) = 1/reset (units of time) D (Derivative) = rate = pre-act (units of time) Depending on the manufacturer, integral or reset action is set in either time/repeat or repeat/time. One is just the reciprocal of the other. Note that manufacturers are not consistent and often use reset in units of time/repeat or integral in units of repeats/time. Derivative and rate are the same. Choosing the proper values for P, I, and D is known as PID Tuning. A feedback control system measures the output variable and sends the control signal to the controller. The controller compares the value of the output signal with a reference value and gives the control signal to the final control element. The equation of ideal PID controller is $$ C(s) = K_{p} + frac {K_{i}} {s} + K_{d}s = frac{K_{d}s^2 + K_{p}s + K_{i}} {s} $$ III. FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER Fuzzy logic is a method of rule-based decision making used for expert systems and process control that emulates the rule-of-thumb thought process used by human beings. The basis of fuzzy logic is fuzzy set theory which was developed by Lotfi Zadeh in the 1960s. Fuzzy set theory differs from traditional Boolean (or two-valued) set theory in that partial membership in a set is allowed. Traditional Boolean set theory is two-valued in the sense that a member belongs to a set or does not and is represented by 1 or 0, respectively. Fuzzy set theory allows for partial membership, or a degree of membership, which might be any value along the continuum of 0 to 1. A linguistic term can be defined quantitatively by a type of fuzzy set known as a membership function. The membership function specifically defines degrees of membership based on a property such as temperature or pressure. With membership functions defined for controller or expert system inputs and outputs, the formulation of a rule base of IF-THEN type conditional rules is done. Such a rule base and the corresponding membership functions are employed to analyze controller inputs and determine controller outputs by the process of fuzzy logic inference. By defining such a fuzzy controller, process control can be implemented quickly and easily. Many such systems are difficult or impossible to model mathematically, which is required for the design of most traditional control algorithms. In addition, many processes that might or might not be modeled mathematically are too complex or nonlinear to be controlled with traditional strategies. However, if a control strategy can be described qualitatively by an expert, fuzzy logic can be used to define a controller that emulates the heuristic rule-of-thumb strategies of the expert. Therefore, fuzzy logic can be used to control a process that a human can control manually with expertise gained from experience. The linguistic control rules that a human expert can describe in an intuitive and general manner can be directly translated to a rule base for a fuzzy logic controller. IV. PROBLEM FORMULATION A DC motor is taken as a case study and the control is achieved using conventional PID controller and intelligent fuzzy logic based controller. The comparison of both the controller performance is analyzed.After analyzing,implement it on microcontrollers. V. DC MOTOR CONTROL USING FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER In classical control techniques PID controller was used as a standard control structure. Due to nonlinearities in the process the performance of the industrial machinery is greatly distorted and the efficiency is reduced. The new technique which uses fuzzy and PID controllers is considered as the extension of the conventional technique, because it preserves the linear structure of PID controller. These controllers are designed using the basic principle of fuzzy logic control to obtain a new controller that possesses analytical formulas similar to digital PID controllers. Fuzzy PID controllers have variable control gains in their linear structure. These variable gains are nonlinear function of the errors and changing rates of error signals. These variable gains help in improving the overall performance due to their characteristics features like self-tuned mechanism which can adapt to rapid changes of the errors and rate of change of error caused by time delay effects, nonlinearities and uncertainties of the process. VII. CONCLUSION In this paper a DC motor is controlled using fuzzy logic and PID controller. A mathematical model to control the DC motor is developed and the motor is controlled using conventional PID controller. The simulation results so obtained show that the PID controller gives high overshoot and settling time. Hence, fuzzy logic controller design was proposed and implemented using the principles of artificial intelligence. The fuzzy logic control will be implemented and the response will be compared with conventional PID controller. The fuzzy logic control shows a better control of motor parameters as compared with the conventional PID controller VII. ACKNOWLEDGMENT It gives us immense pleasure to express our gratitude to each individual associated directly or indirectly with the successful completion of the report. We would like to express our thanks towards our project Guide Prof. Dr. R.B.Ghongade for his invaluable cooperation and guidance that he gave us throughout our project. We would also like to thank our Head of Department, Prof.P.D.Khandekar for inspiring us and providing us all the lab facilities with the internet, which made the project work very convenient. VIII. REFERENCES [1] Erdal Kayacan and Okyay kaynak, An Adaptive Grey Fuzzy PID Controller With Variable Prediction Horizon, SCISISIS2006 @ Tokyo, Japan (September 20-24, 2006); 760-765 [2] B.G. Hu, G.K.I Mann and R.G Gosine, New methodology for analytical and optimal design of fuzzy PID controllers, IEEE Transaction of fuzzy systems, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 521-539, 1999 [3] Awang N.I. Wardana, PID-Fuzzy Controller for Grate Cooler in Cement Plant, IEEE transaction of fuzzy system, no.7, vol. 32, 2005, 1345-1351. [4] Han-Xiong Li,Lei Zhang, Kai-Yuan Cai, And Guanrong Chen, An Improved Robust Fuzzy-PID Controller With Optimal Fuzzy Reasoning, IEEE Transactions On Systems, Man, And Cybernetics Part B: Cybernetics, Vol. 35, No. 6, December 2005; 1283-1292 [5] Isin Erenoglu, Ibrahim Eksin, Engin Yesil and Mujde Guzelkaya, An intelligent hybrid fuzzy PID controller, in Proceedings of 20th European Conference on Modeling and Simulation, 2006. [6] [6] Leehter Yao and Chin-Chin Lin, Design of Gain Scheduled Fuzzy PID Controller, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 1 2005, 152-156

Women in Bamboozled Essay -- essays research papers

Our team chose to focus on representations of women in Spike Lee’s latest joint, â€Å"Bamboozled†. This theme was attractive to us because we felt the filmmaker had a powerful message to send his audience after viewing the trailer in class. Despite the fact that there is only one woman in a starring role, a multitude of specific and acute ideas are presented by Spike Lee through the film. We were also eager to take advantage of the opportunity to apply what we have learned in class to the thought-provoking and controversial nature of his work.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When reflecting upon representations of women, we felt that a continuous motif of women as puppets is present. The lead female character, Sloan Hopkins, is played by Jada Pinkett Smith. She comes across as being under Pierre Delacroix, or his puppet, from her first appearance in the film. The opening scene of the movie emphasizes this as he is yelling at her for not informing him of a staff meeting. Sloan continually apologizes but, not knowing about the meeting, has no reason to do so. Regardless of this fact, she is put down and silenced by Delacroix. He dismisses everything she says and acts as the voice of authority with no consideration of the actual circumstances. She is merely his puppet who has failed. When Delacroix comes up with the â€Å"Mantan Show† idea, Sloan feels strongly against it. However, she is the one who has to research and come up with historical portfolios for the show. She tries to educat...

King David- A short outline essay of his life Essay

â€Å"A man after God’s own heart† is what David is called in I Samuel 13:14. So, it is very helpful to discover that he is not sinless but a man of great passions and driven by great desires. He has a violent temper and is a vicious, cruel killer. However, when the Lord puts the finger on him, he is also completely repentant. He has the whole spectrum of emotions that you and I have, yet God calls him a â€Å"man after His own heart,† because, even though he fails God many times, he loves God wholeheartedly. David’s Rise: God Chooses David to be King- King Saul, though a talented king, had stopped obeying God early in his career, and had begun turning selfish and evil. So God told the prophet Samuel he would remove Saul from being king, and replace him with â€Å"a man after his own heart†. The Battle with Goliath- David approached Goliath on the run, sling in hand. His first shot penetrated the giant’s forehead, and he fell facedown, dead. Saul Turns on David- Saul threw his spear, and David narrowly dodged the spear. Fearing for his life, David finally decides he isn’t safe and left town that night. David in Exile- David wandered the wilderness, living in caves. Many other fugitives sought him out, and soon he had a community of 400 families in his care. David Spares King Saul- David passed up a chanced to kill Saul, out of respect for the LORD, and he displayed the hem of Saul’s robe as evidence. He furthermore promised he would never harm the king the LORD had chosen. King Saul Dies in Battle- Saul was mortally wounded, and fearing that hisenemies would capture and torture him, he takes his own life. David, King of Judah- under David’s powerful leadership, Judah grew stronger and stronger. Under Ishbosheth’s incompetence, Israel grew weaker and weaker. David, King of Israel- David’s military prowess became legendary. He converted many nearby nations from aggressors into subdued enemies. By the end of his life, his empire was so powerful that there was peace, and his son Solomon never had to fight a war. The Ark of the Covenant- Instead of carrying the Ark as prescribed; they followed the example of the Philistines, placing it on a cart. Then at one climactic moment, the oxen stumbled, the cart was upset, and the Ark was in danger of falling to the ground. One of the Levites, named Uzzah, reached out to steady the Ark, ignoring the prohibition against touching it. For this offense, the LORD instantly struck him dead. Preparations for the Temple -The LORD had different plans. He told Nathan to go back to David and tell him he was not the one to build a temple. Instead, after David’s death his son would be king in his place, and he would build the temple. David’s Decline: Scandal- David sends one of his commanders to die in battle after falling for his wife and getting her pregnant. Later this son dies and God continue to curse him by turning his family against him. Amnon’s Crime- The prince rapes his sister and King David handling of this crime shows his loss of good judgment since his own similar crime. Absalom’s Crime- Another one of David’s Sons and the full brother of Tamar, swears revenge and ends up having his brother killed and then becomes exiled to prevent his own death. Absalom’s Rebellion- Almost as soon as Absalom returned to Jerusalem, he began conspiring to overthrow his father King David and take his throne. Absalom died under Joab’s sword. Sheba’s Rebellion- One of the leaders in the bickering over the land left by king Absalom, a man named Sheba, declared himself king of Israel, exclusive of Judah. He raised an army, and civil war began once again. Adonijah’s Rebellion- When King David was old; he lost awareness of much that happened around him. God had chosen Solomon, and David had privately promised that Solomon would succeed him as king. But in his feeble condition he was losing control of his kingdom, and his ability to control who succeeded him was in doubt. At this moment David’s son Adonijah decided to make himself king. When Bathsheba, Solomon’s mother heard this she went to David and reminded him that God had chosen Solomon as the new king of Israel. David finally had a clear moment and made sure that Solomon took over the Kingdom. As Solomon took over as king he sent Adonijah home with the warning that if he ever showed the slightest sign of treason again, he would die. Later, Adonijah schemed to obtain one of now-dead David’s assistant girls for his wife. This seemed innocent enough, but it reminded Solomon vividly of similar schemes Adonijah’s brother Absalom had used in his treasonous bid for the throne. Solomon interpreted this as the first step in Adonijah’s renewed effort to overthrow Solomon, and ordered him put to death, along with some of the top people in Adonijah’s original conspiracy.

Critical Review, Les Miserable essays

Critical Review, Les Miserable essays Critical Review Les Miserables Les Miserables is an epic musical saga of Jean Valjean and his long journey to salvation. He is released on parole after 19 years on the chain gang, for stealing a loaf of bread. Valjean, unknowingly bargains for his soul with a saintly bishop and spends the rest of his life trying to do good in order to repay him. The Inspector, Javert, continues to relentlessly pursue Valjean even though he is trying to start anew. He has become the mayor of Montreuil and the manager of a factory. Meanwhile, one of his workers, Fantine, is the mother of an illegitimate daughter, Cosette. Cosette is living with the Thenardiers, an innkeeper, his wife, and their own daughter, Eponine. Fantine is fired from the factory after word of her daughter gets out and a series of other incidents. She becomes a prostitute and asks Valjean, while on her deathbed, to care for Cosette. Valjean adopts Cosette and they move to Paris where Cosette meets and falls in love with Marius, a student, with whom Ep onine is also in love. The students barricade the streets of Paris and the rebellion begins. As the insurrection continues, Javert has been captured in the students camp as a spy, Eponine is killed, and Valjean has joined the students and drags an injured Marius into the sewers to save him. The students desire to kill Javert, but Valjean prevents this from happening. Javert, beside himself for being saved by the man of whom he was in pursuit, kills himself by throwing himself into the Seine River. Years later, on his deathbed, Valjean confesses to Marius that he saved him. Now, having paid for his sins, he can die peacefully. Marius and Cosette eventually marry and Valjean dies. Upon his death, the ghosts of Eponine, Fantine, and others who have died before him, meet. Leaving us on an optimistic note, the belief that good, will always prevail: Even the darkest night will end/And the sun will rise....

Red Dragon essays

Red Dragon essays I chose the book Red Dragon because I really enjoy all the movies that have been made about Hannibal Lecter, The Silence of the Lambs, Hannibal and not to mention Red Dragon. This 351 pages long book was written by the author Thomas Harris in 1981 but he was also the author of another of my favorites Silence of the Lambs. There have been made motion pictures after both those books. Thomas, a native of Mississippi, began his writing career covering crime in the United States and Mexico, and was a reporter and editor for the Associated Press in New York City. His first novel, Black Sunday, was published in 1975, followed by Red Dragon in 1981, The Silence of the Lambs in 1988 and Hannibal in 1999. The story is about a former detective, Will Graham. Graham is a dark haired, skinny man. All the sun in Florida has made him really tan He is enjoying a peaceful retirement with his wife and kid down in Florida when out of nowhere comes an old but unwanted friend, Jack Crawford. Jack was working with Graham on the Hannibal case when Graham caught him but got stabbed in return. Graham knows that usually when Jack comes, he is asking Will for help. And since Graham has heard of this new serial killer called the toothfary,, he knows pretty much what it is all about. And as Graham suspected Jack is not in for a social call. He is indeed asking Graham to come with him to Atlanta to take a look of the crime scene. Graham isnt too eager about going away from his family and loved ones but does it anyway. At the Atlanta Police Department he is filled in on the latest intel. The killer is a tall male, dark haired and has some sort of a fetish for biting his victims. The victims have been until this moment two families, a wife, husband and two children in Atlanta and the same but only one child in Birmingham. He kills at night at a full moon, meaning they have about 24 days until his next strike. Thats about ...

Game Play Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Game Play Project - Essay Example Markers or crayons, yarn, buttons, and glue-sticks are materials that are cheap and are a great way to decorate the puppets without creating a mess. There are many available designs that workers can teach the young patients which can be viewed on Enhantedlearning.com. After designing the puppets, the worker and the children can develop a dialogue about their specific puppet such as their name and basic characteristics. Workers can prompt the children with questions such as â€Å"What’s your puppets name? What’s the puppet’s favorite food, activity, etc? Does the puppet have any brothers and sisters?† Finally, the children can create a story whether through improvisation or writing out a scene and act out the story using their puppets. This activity does not have any major safety risks that need to be addressed. As long as the adult/worker has prepared the yarn before hand, there is no need to bring scissors or any other risky material into the patient†™s environment. The puppet activity can be modified for children as young as four or five and as old as nine or ten.

Classroom observation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Classroom observation - Essay Example Classroom observations raise the level of teachers’ consciousness and anxiety no matter how casually a director may perform them, because the teachers know that their capabilities are being assessed and their performance is being critically analyzed. The acquired consciousness is quite likely to sap a teacher’s ability to demonstrate the best he/she has. On the other hand, owing to the great significance of classroom observations in the improvement strategies of the educational setup, their importance can not be denied and they can not altogether be eliminated. Therefore, there is need to devise ways in which classroom observations can be conducted with least inconvenience to the teachers. (Monarch) identifies ways in which the activity can be performed in the most meaningful and supportive manner. Classroom observations can be improved by pre-observation discussions, and providing the teacher with an opportunity to express his/her concerns about the class. It is advisa ble for the teacher and director to mutually select a focus of observation prior to conducting it. Data can be collected on pre-formatted layouts. Finally, feedback strategies should be well managed and the teacher’s perspective should be appreciated (Murdoch 2). Works Cited: Murdoch, George. â€Å"Classroom Observations - making them useful for teachers.† pp. 1-2.

Does the rotation of auditors improve the quality of auditing Essay - 4

Does the rotation of auditors improve the quality of auditing - Essay Example It is worth mentioning that the role of audit rotation in improving the standards and the efficiencies of audit is duly considered as one of the major determinants of audit quality. It is strongly believed that longer tenure of an auditor links with lower quality of audit and in this context, it can be affirmed that the rotation of auditors require to be taken into concern in order to enhance audit quality on the whole. In this present day context, misrepresentations and frauds have emerged considerably that eventually imposes extensive impacts upon audit quality. The misrepresentations along with the frauds have been arguably caused owing to the augmenting interests of the stakeholders and also the owners belonging to various business organisations. ... Discussing the Principle Need for Rotation of Auditors Impact on Auditor’s Independence It is quite evident that the periodic rotation of auditors plays a decisive role in enhancing the auditing quality of the client company by a considerable extent. It can be apparently observed that the rotation of auditors can be conducted both internally and externally. The auditor’s rotation in both of these forms is duly considered to be one of the chief determinants of enhancing audit quality. This is owing to the reasons of preventing the auditor’s depending relation with the management team of the client organisations and differentiating between the auditing process conducted by non-capital market and capital market oriented corporations. In order to determine the impact of auditor’s rotation on the independence of the auditors, it can be affirmed that the sovereignty of the auditors remains much limited in the context of auditing due to the existence of a special trust affiliation prevailing between them and the management team of the client organisations. Thus, with this concern, it can be affirmed that the independence of the auditors largely rely upon the interrelation, which prevail between the auditors and the management team. Specially mentioning, the principle need for rotation of auditors impose considerable impact on auditor’s performances, making them perform both auditing along with consulting services and preserving the auditing process ethically, irrespective of having close interrelation with the management team of diverse organisations (Velte & Stiglbauer, 2012). Mitigation of Conflict of Interests Apart from depicting the principle need for rotation of auditors in limiting the independency of the auditors, it can also be affirmed that

Myself the Writer Essay Example for Free

Myself the Writer Essay One of the reasons why I love writing is because it is my desire to progress in writing through setting more achievable objectives, building on novel ideas, in addition to developing new skills. Through writing I am able to advance my knowledge on a variety of subjects. Every time I write I am able to learn something new. I take writing as a way through which I can express my feeling. However, writing is a challenging task due to the fact that it calls for extra caution. There are many rules and regulations that surround writing. Some of these rules limit the extent to which one can express himself in writing (Elbow p, 12). There are various challenges that I come across in the process of writing that tend to slow me down. Finding the right words is the hardest of these challenges. Sometimes it is very hard to find the most appropriate words to make my writing sound the way I would like. Writing can also be a boring as well as demoralizing task when a writer fails to get the necessary information (Elbow p, 26). Trying to figure out the words that will follow the work I have already completed is the other challenge that I face as a writer. Lack of knowledge concerning a particular topic is the other challenge I face as a writer. Along with lack of knowledge, lack of information from various sources is the other factor that negatively impacts on my writing. Writer’s block is the other challenge that I face in writing. However, I have learned that in order to overcome writer’s block I need to put down what is in my head. Work Cited: Elbow P. , (edn 2), (1998). Writing with power: techniques for mastering the writing process, ISBN 0195120175: Oxford University Press US

Baseball and American Popular Culture :: Baseball Sports Athletics American Culture Essays

Baseball is an integral part of American pop culture. Many Americans grow up with baseball, playing it before they can even count all the bases. It is glorified, taught, and fed to us. When we play baseball, we find a respect for the game. The respect we gain from playing it has turned the game into a tradition of American culture. It has formed itself into the business of professional baseball, namely major league baseball. Professional players have become recognized all over the world. They are sought out and admired by fans. Because of their popularity, these players have written books, endorsed commercial products, and found successful and rewarding careers by playing a game. According to Wallup, author of Baseball: An Informal History, baseball has been apart of our culture since the mid to late nineteenth century(Wallup, p16). Our great grandparents, grandparents, and parents have been brought up with it and our parents teach the sport to us. When the notion of baseball comes to mind, a feeling of nostalgia and tradition come to me. Many of my feelings and memories originate from my childhood. I remember a beautiful summer day. My dad and I arrived at the baseball stadium to watch the game. We walked up the concrete walkway inside the stadium. The concrete walls and floors made my surroundings drab and grey. Finally, we made it to entrance into the stadium. I came out of the dark tunnels into the bright sunlight. The first thing to catch my eye was the vivid rush of color. Underneath the fluffy white clouds and their deep blue canvas, I could look down and see players in vibrant red and blue uniforms warming up for the game. The well-watered grass on the field was a brighter green than any other grass I had seen. The outfield seemed to be so perfect. It appeared that each blade had been cut by hand. The edge of the infield, where the dark, watered-down dirt met the intensely green grass was a precise and well-defined cont rast. We sat down and I took in my surroundings. There were men walking up and down the stairs selling various concessions. They had peanuts, beer, soda, ice cream, popcorn, and many other tempting treats. The players soon finished their warm-ups and the crowd became frenzied with excitement. The game was about to start. Baseball has its own traditions in America and playing the national anthem is one of them.

A Career as a Dental Hygienist Essay -- Career Field Report

I can remember coming to school and hearing all my classmates talk about how much they hated going to the dentist. Going to the dentist was one thing that I have always loved to do. The sound of the tools and just the smell of the clinic was never a bad atmosphere to me, I actually enjoy the dentist. Laura was my first dental hygienist from as far back as I can remember, and she had the whitest teeth I have ever seen! I have honestly came to the conclusion that I am obsessed with teeth. With this being said, I have always felt and known that I wanted to be a dental hygienist. I am currently in my first year here at Community College getting my preq for dental hygiene. I always get the question, â€Å"Why would you want to look in somebody’s mouth all day?† After I hear this question and then I start thinking to myself. I want to be a dental hygienist because first of all someone has got to do it and secondly, I think smiles light up rooms and if I can help get more smil es in this world then that is what I am going to do. With seeking my career in dental hygiene I have great hopes of being able to help people understand and find compassion in caring for their teeth and inspiring them as Laura inspired me. When most people think of dental hygienists, the first and only thing they think about it cleaning and whitening teeth. However, that is mainly what dental hygienists do, but they also learn to do a lot more than that. According the occupational outlook handbook, hygienists clean teeth, examine patients for signs of oral diseases such as gingivitis, and provide other preventative dental care. They also educate patients on ways to improve and maintain good oral health. As explained on American Dental Association, the dental hygienist... ...ealth. This was reassuring because now I know that if I do not absolutely love being a dental hygienist, there are many other roads I can go down. For the future, I plan on finishing up my prerequisites and hopefully getting in the dental program. After finishing the dental program I plan to get a job as a dental hygienist. If I love it I will keep pursuing this; however, if I do not, I will then branch off and either be a representative or even teach some sort of science. This research helped me and got me so inspired to go down the career path that I have chosen. â€Æ' Works Cited "Dental Hygienist." - American Dental Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Mar. 2014. "Summary." U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, n.d. Web. 19 Mar. 2014. "Dental Hygienist Job Description." Healthcare Salary World. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Mar. 2014.

The Vampire Diaries: The Fury Chapter Sixteen

December 16, Monday Stefan gave this to me. He's given most of the things in his room away. I said I didn't want it at first, because I didn't know what to do with it. But now I think I have an idea. People are starting to forget already. They're getting the details wrong, and adding things they just imagined. And, most of all, they're making up explanations. Why it wasn't really supernatural, why there's a rational reason for this or that. It's just silly, but there's no way to stop them, especially the adults. They're the worst. They're saying the dogs were hydrophobic or something. The vet's come up with a new name for it, some kind of rabies that's spread by bats. Meredith says that's ironic. I think it's just stupid. The kids are a little better, especially the ones who were at the dance. There are some I think we can rely on, like Sue Carson and Vickie. Vickie's changed so much in the last two days that it's like a miracle. She's not the way she's been for the last two and a half months, but she's not the way she used to be, either. She used to be pretty much of a bimbo, running around with the tough crowd. But now I think she's okay. Even Caroline wasn't so bad today. She didn't talk at the other service, but she talked at this one. She said Elena was the real snow queen, which was kind of cribbing off of Sue's speech from before, but probably the best Caroline could do. It was a nice gesture. Elena looked so peaceful. Not like a wax doll, but as if she were sleeping. I know everybody says that, but it's true. This time, it really is true. But afterward people were talking about â€Å"her remarkable escape from drowning† and stuff like that. And saying she died of an embolism or something. Which is absolutely ridiculous. But that's what gave me the idea. I'm going to get her other diary out of her closet. And then I'm going to ask Mrs. Grimesby to put them in the library, not in a case like Honoria Fell's, but where people can pick them up and read them. Because the truth is in here. This is where the real story is. And I don't want anybody to forget it. I think maybe the kids will remember. I suppose I should put what happened to the rest of the people around here; Elena would want that. Aunt Judith is okay, although she's one of the adults who can't deal with the truth. She needs a rational explanation. She and Robert are going to get married at Christmas. That should be good for Margaret. Margaret's got the right idea. She told me at the service that she's going to go see Elena and her parents someday, but not now, because there were a lot of things she still had to do right here. I don't know what put that idea into her head. She's smart for a four-year-old. Typical, absolutely typical. Everybody else gets the guys. I'm thinking of trying one of my grandmother's rituals, just to see if I'll ever get married at all. There isn't even anybody I want to marry around here. Well, there's Matt. Matt's nice. But right now he's only got one girl on his mind. I don't know if that will ever change. He punched Tyler in the nose after the service today, because Tyler said something off-color about her. Tyler is one person I know will never change, no matter what. He'll always be the mean, obnoxious jerk he is now. But Matt-well, Matt's eyes are awfully blue. And he's got a terrific right hook. Stefan couldn't hit Tyler because he wasn't there. There are still plenty of people in town who think he killed Elena. He must have, they say, because there was nobody else there. Katherine's ashes were scattered all over by the time the rescuers got to the crypt. Stefan says it's because she was so old that she flamed up like that. He says he should have realized the first time, when Katherine pretended to burn, that a young vampire wouldn't turn to ashes that way. She'd just die, like Elena. Only the old ones crumble. Some people-especially Mr. Smallwood and his friends-would probably blame Damon if they could get hold of him. But they can't. He wasn't there when they reached the tomb, because Stefan helped him get away. Stefan won't say where, but I think to someplace in the woods. Vampires must heal fast because today when I met him after the service, Stefan said that Damon had left Fell's Church. He wasn't happy about it; I think Damon didn't tell him. Now the question seems to be: What is Damon doing? Out biting innocent girls? Or is he reformed? I wouldn't lay bets on it either way. Damon was a strange guy. But gorgeous. Definitely gorgeous. Stefan won't say where he's going, either. But I have a sneaking suspicion Damon may get a surprise if he looks behind him. Apparently, Elena made Stefan promise to watch out for him or something. And Stefan takes promises very, very seriously. I wish him luck. But he'll be doing what Elena wanted him to, which I think will make him happy. As happy as he can be here without her. He's wearing her ring on a chain around his neck now. If you think any of this sounds frivolous or as if I don't care about Elena, that just shows how wrong you are. I dare anybody to say that to me. Meredith and I cried all day Saturday, and most of Sunday. And I was so angry I wanted to rip things apart and break them. I kept thinking, why Elena? Why? When there were so many other people who could have died that night. Out of the whole town, she was the only one. Oh, I'm starting to cry again. That's what happens when you think about life being fair. And I can't explain why it isn't. I'd like to go bang on Honoria Fell's tomb and ask her if she can explain, but she wouldn't talk to me. I don't think it's something anybody knows. I loved Elena. And I'm going to miss her terribly. The whole school is. It's like a light that's gone out. Robert says that's what her name means in Latin, â€Å"light.† Now there'll always be a part of me where the light has gone away. I wish I'd been able to say good-bye to her, but Stefan says she sent her love to me. I'm going to try to think of that as a light to take with me. I'd better stop writing now. Stefan's leaving, and Matt and Meredith and Alaric and I are going to see him off. I didn't mean to get so into this; I've never kept a journal myself. But I want people to know the truth about Elena. She wasn't a saint. She wasn't always sweet and good and honest and agreeable. But she was strong and loving and loyal to her friends, and in the end she did the most unselfish thing anybody could do. Meredith says it means she chose light over darkness. I want people to know that so they'll always remember. I always will.

Puritanism In The Scarlet Letter Essays - English-language Films

Puritanism In The Scarlet Letter Essays - English-language Films Puritanism In The Scarlet Letter The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne expresses the aspects of relationships, religion, community, discipline and punishment in the puritan community of 17th century Boston. Relationships between men and women were very constrained and that is what made adultery such a bad sin in the eyes of everyone in the community. Religion seemed to govern over all, people would look up to reverends and the community believed that fate was their destiny. Public discipline and punishment were used to discourage everyone else from committing the same crime or sin as the offending criminal did. The community was to follow the beliefs of god and to do their duties the best they could, yet were there to criticize and punish all who disobeyed the religion or laws. In 17th century Boston every thing was very strict and everyone was expected to follow the laws, which makes Hester's sin such an excellent example of the beliefs of that time period. The first scaffold scene is very important because the scene sums up the beliefs of the general public at that time, and gives a prospective of what Hester Prynne must deal with. In the beginning of chapter two the scene is described as it could have betokened nothing short of the anticipated execution of some noted culprit,(47) showing that the whole town was there for a ruthless public punishment. The crowd was not there for an execution though, but there for a public punishment of Hester Prynne who had committed adultery. A townsman describes Hester's punishment to a stranger as, they have doomed Mistress Prynne to stand only a space of three hours on the platform of the pillory, and then thereafter, for the remainder of her natural life, to wear a mark of shame upon her bosom.(58) This scene shows the weight of values and morals upon society in the 17th century and how public punishment was not only used as punishment but as a way to discourage others from committing the same crime. The community was key in this punishment because it helped alienate Hester and further her pain. The punishment brings forth Hester's underlying pain, [Hester] sent forth a cry she turned her eyes downward at the scarlet letter, and even touched it with her finger, to assure herself that the infant and the shame were real.(55) This pain only breaks surface once, yet throughout the whole story Hester must deal with the shame and emotional pain of the scarlet letter. The stranger sums it up best with the quotation, Thus she will be a living sermon against sin, until the ignominious letter be engraved upon her tombstone. Since religion was such a key part of their lives, anyone who did disobey their god was looked down upon. What made religion ironic in this story was how everyone looked up to a reverend that had committed the same sin as someone they looked down upon severely. Dimmesdale says, before the judgment-seat, thy mother, and thou, and I, must stand together! But daylight of this world shall not see our meeting!(134) The reverend knows his sin and wants be punished with Hester and Pearl, yet not until what he calls judgement day. In the 17th century, Puritans believed that there was a stern God who had decreed in advance the fate of each person for all time. Therefore, there was not much people felt they could do to become a better person in God's eyes but do his biding with their jobs. To increase their chances of getting to go to heaven the townspeople would often get one step closer to God by getting close to a religious leader, which was bad for Arthur Dimmesdale who was probably farther away from God than everyone else because of his sin. Relationships were looked upon as something sacred and a woman should be loyal to her husband. Once married it was considered a horrible offense if you were un-loyal to your spouse. They have not been bold to put force the extremity of our righteous law against her. The penalty therefor is death.(58) A townsman explains that the penalty is death for her crime (showing the harshness of the 17th century), yet that the other party in the affair must have played a strong role in tempting her, so they just sentenced her to the letter on her chest and three hours on the scaffold. The stranger shows how most people reacted when only seeing one of the

communsim essays

communsim essays * Red Star * Communism is an ideal society that is unrealistic for humans to maintain. In this system major resources and means of production are owned by the community rather than by individuals. The society is without money, without a state, without property and without social classes. All people would contribute to the society according to their ability and take from the society according to their needs. Fredrick Engel's believed that a proletarian could only be liberated by abolishing competition, private property, and all class differences, and replacing it with association. The concept was derived from ancient sources, such as Plato's Republic and the earliest Christian communes. In the early 19th century, the idea of a communist society was a response to the poor social classes that developed during the beginning of modern capitalism. Communal societies have existed for centuries, yet they eventually failed. Throughout history, religious groups have had the most success in maintaining communes. The Roman Catholic Church established monasteries all over Europe in the middle Ages. Most of these small-scale private experiments involved voluntary cooperation, with everyone participating in the governing process. Philosophers Karl Marx and Fredric Engel influenced the movement of communism greatly. In the late 1800's the two discovered that they had individually come to ideal opinions on the perfect society. They collaborated their ideas in their most famous "Communist Manifesto", as well as many other informative pamphlets. Third World countries striving for national independence and social change experimented with their philosophie...

The opressivness of Captialism essays

The opressivness of Captialism essays Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels lived in an interesting time. The world around these two men had changed rapidly during the years prior to their birth and after their birth. People were forced to reconsider the structure of their societies and the way individuals were treated by society. Marx and Engels dealt directly with this problem. Their theories dealt directly with the new economic realities of a rapidly industrializing Europe. Their beliefs were grounded in a class struggle between the people who owned the means of production, the bourgeoisie, and those people who were exploited by the bourgeoisie, the proletariat. Their proposed plan was to ameliorate the problems associated with the new economic arrangement. A point has been made that a great number of changes had occurred in Europe before Marx and Engels wrote the Communist Manifesto. The Communist Manifesto was written to combat these new forces. A manifesto is a set of definitions that define how the world runs and who is involved. It classifies people into groups to allow them to identify their allies and enemies. It also states the goals of a political movement. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels collaborated to write this document for the Communist League, which met in London during the latter part of 1847 and early part of 1848. It was meant to define the historical circumstances that led to the development of the modern era and the eventual triumph of communism which the dialectic of history predestined to occur. The nature of human relations has never been peaceful. Since the beginning of time humans have struggled amongst one another trying to satisfy their desires. Engels claimed, all history has been a history of class struggles, of struggles between exploited and exploiting, between dominated and dominating classes at various stages of social development; that this struggle, however, has now reached a stage where the exploited and oppress...

Impacts of Colonialism on U.K Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Impacts of Colonialism on U.K - Essay Example During the beginning of the 20th century, England had its control over maximum areas of the world under its empirical power (College of New Jersey, â€Å"British Empire†). In the first three decades of the 19th century, the UK adopted the policy to rule Cape Colony. In 1795, the UK seized the Cape from the Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie (VOC). After a few years, British in 1803 returned the Cape to the Dutch government peacefully. In the year 1806, when the Napoleonic Wars began, the British captured the Cape in order to protect the sea route in order to protect their route to their Asian empire (U.S. Library of Congress, â€Å"British Colonialism†). During the late 18th century, the British government was in need for a base in the zone of Malaysia when they controlled India. Under the command of Francis Light in 1786, the British had colonized Penang and established Georgetown and they took over the Province of Wellesley in 1800. During the period of 1819, a trading post was founded at Singapore (Lambert, â€Å"A Brief History of Malaysia†). From the episode of the colonization of the Cape, the British government gained a lot. They focused upon the policy of the labor market. They utilized mass force of Cape for the purpose of the labor source for the British government. The colonial rule of the UK over the Cape in South Africa was strong and they colonized Cape due to certain reasons. The reasons were to secure the routes of their trade secrets, acquire huge labor and maintain the political power over most parts in the world. Primarily the labor supply was concentrated in this region (U.S. Library of Congress, â€Å"British Colonialism†). From the colonization of Malaysia, the British government had set up their trade bases in Singapore and around the coasts of Malaysia. They acquired Malaysia’s rubber industry and traded in the

Cross-cultural barriers in marketing Article critique

Cross-cultural barriers in marketing critique - Article Example marketing I think the most affected part is communication and business leaders need to be prepared to deal with communication in cross cultural marketing (Burnett 1991). The research objectives include finding out what we know on cross-cultural marketing. What are the cultural differences that are barriers to marketing? The article by Simona Popovici is on what we know about cross-cultural marketing. The author focuses on the issues in cross-cultural marketing. He notes that the markets are influenced by cultures and traditions that tend to act as barriers to marketing (Popovici, 2011). The article is valid since the claims that the author has made are reasonable in the theoretical context. When the author claims that different communities have different habits and traditions that form their culture he is right (Pozehl 2014). In the society there is always what guides the people and this is what forms the culture. It is also true that in the business world, the businesses get offers from different communities and thus they have to interact with different cultures. The article stands up to scrutiny because the evidence used shows that the information given is relevant. There is no argument against the findings that the author has discussed (Navarro 2014). The study has been carried out from different cultural borders that have different experiences in marketing. The data that has been used is up to date because the author has used recent works from different researchers who have studied cross-cultural marketing. He has used other well-known researchers to support hi s ideas and findings (Bider 2009). The evidence measures the theoretical concepts that are being analyzed (Bala 2013). The theoretical concepts being analyzed in the article include the barriers that are faced in cross- cultural marketing. The article starts by reviewing the implementation of cross-cultural marketing and analyses the barriers that are faced in implementation (Bollen 2011). The author

Historiography of the Failures of the Late Medieval Papacy Essay

Historiography of the Failures of the Late Medieval Papacy - Essay Example Particularly, their views on the causes of the fall of the papacy between 1400 and 1800 will be reviewed and compared. Reasons Ullmann’s main position with regards to the decline of the papacy during the late Middle Ages is that it was caused by the Church’s secularization. He has provided several arguments for this position. The most important of these is the allusion to the Great Schism that culminated in 1400s as the greatest crisis in the history of papacy, which, according to him, finally sank the institution enormously in European regard, dragging the Church with it as the world watched deeply pained and scandalized with the way the Church conducted its affairs during the period. There are several underlying issues entailed in this event. And these are excellently demonstrated in the way Ullmann recounted the elections of the pope. He cited the year-long process wherein the College of Cardinals elected a pope early in the fourteenth century with such bitterness of the debates and intrigue. A French-sponsored candidate was elected and because of this the papacy was moved to France wherein six consecutive French popes ruled until 1377 when the papacy finally returned to Rome. The election of the next pope saw rioting in Rome, as people clamored for a Roman pope, fearing further French influence. Ullmann highlighted how conclave, fearing for their lives, elected an Italian, who turned out later on to be not of their liking. According to Ullmann, the Reformation is not the fundamental reason for the decline of the papal authority and power. It was the succession of individuals whose sole qualifications were their wealth and Italian social status that made the papal institution fade into the background. The series of developments afterwards would then become the height of the so-called Great Schism, which severely damaged the papacy. Several popes would hold office at the same time, with a number of Church councils asserting their power further a ggravating the situation. Ullmann identified the Fifth Lateran Council, the last medieval council that aimed to reform the Church, as one of the demonstrations by which the Great Schism has damaged the papal institution: The papacy here showed itself in perhaps its worst light: instead of insisting upon the enforcement of the law it dispensed with from the observation of these decrees. And in so doing the whole panoply of papal weapons including the plenitude of power, was invoked. In a way, the fifth Lateran Council was a conciliar swan song of the medieval papacy and the precursor of Trent in this same century.1 Meanwhile, Misner also echoed Ullmann’s position, that the Church decline as undermined by the papacy has been a consequence of the corruption of the popes. Central to this argument is the system of infallibility, which, in Misner’s view, â€Å"formed a vicious cycle in which the Roman communion had imprisoned itself without hope of escape.†2 An import ant variable must be highlighted here. Misner also believed that the papal institution and the mechanisms and systems that it entails, had, not only corrupted the personalities that held the office but also provided no means of escape or alternative for a pope to pursue reform or impose a righteous regime. He noted that the pope was merely a figurehead and instrument of the system and that the Pope’s primacy could only be sustained if he upholds a corrupt system. The corruption